CBSE Class 10 Syllabus 2026-27
CBSE Class 10 Syllabus 2026-27 has been officially released by the Central Board of Secondary Education (CBSE) for the academic session 2026-27. It follows the National Education Policy (NEP) 2020 and National Curriculum Framework for School Education (NCF-SE) 2023, focusing on competency-based learning, conceptual clarity, real-life applications, and reduced rote memorization.
The syllabus applies to the 2027 board examinations. It covers core subjects with 80 marks for theory (board exam) and 20 marks for internal assessment. The structure promotes deeper understanding, logical reasoning, scientific temper, and interdisciplinary connections.
Overview Table
| Subject | Subject Code | Theory Marks | Internal Assessment | Total Marks | Exam Duration |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Science | 086 | 80 | 20 | 100 | 3 Hours |
| Mathematics (Standard/Basic) | 041 / 241 | 80 | 20 | 100 | 3 Hours |
| Social Science | 087 | 80 | 20 | 100 | 3 Hours |
Official Curriculum Page Link: For the full list of subjects and latest updates, visit the CBSE Curriculum 2026-27 page.
Languages (Group-L) – CBSE Class 10 Syllabus 2026-27
CBSE offers more than 45 languages under Group-L for Class 10 students. As per the Three-Language Formula recommended by NEP 2020, students are required to study three languages.
| S.No. | Language Name | Remarks |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | Arabic | Foreign Language |
| 2 | Assamese | Indian Language |
| 3 | Bahasa Melayu | Foreign Language |
| 4 | Bengali | Indian Language |
| 5 | Bhoti | Indian Language |
| 6 | Bhutia | Indian Language |
| 7 | Bodo | Indian Language |
| 8 | English - Language and Literature | Code 184 (Most Common) |
| 9 | English Communicative | Code 101 |
| 10 | French | Foreign Language |
| 11 | German | Foreign Language |
| 12 | Gujarati | Indian Language |
| 13 | Gurung | Indian Language |
| 14 | Hindi Course-A | Code 002 |
| 15 | Hindi Course-B | Code 085 |
| 16 | Japanese | Foreign Language |
| 17 | Siri Kannada | Indian Language |
| 18 | Kashmiri | Indian Language |
| 19 | Kokborok | Indian Language |
| 20 | Lepcha | Indian Language |
| 21 | Limboo | Indian Language |
| 22 | Malayalam | Indian Language |
| 23 | Manipuri | Indian Language |
| 24 | Marathi | Indian Language |
| 25 | Mizo | Indian Language |
| 26 | Nepali | Indian Language |
| 27 | Odia | Indian Language |
| 28 | Persian | Foreign Language |
| 29 | Punjabi | Indian Language |
| 30 | Rai | Indian Language |
| 31 | Russian | Foreign Language |
| 32 | Sanskrit | Classical Language |
| 33 | Sanskrit Communicative | - |
| 34 | Sindhi | Indian Language |
| 35 | Spanish | Foreign Language |
| 36 | Sherpa | Indian Language |
| 37 | Tamang | Indian Language |
| 38 | Tamil | Indian Language |
| 39 | Tangkhul | Indian Language |
| 40 | Telugu AP | Indian Language |
| 41 | Telugu Telangana | Indian Language |
| 42 | Tibetan | Indian Language |
| 43 | Thai | Foreign Language |
| 44 | Urdu Course A | - |
| 45 | Urdu Course B | - |
Note: English - Language and Literature (Code 184) is the most popular choice. Hindi and Urdu are offered in two variants – Course A and Course B. Final subject availability depends on the school.
CBSE Class 10 Science Syllabus 2026-27
Subject Code: 086 Theory: 80 Marks | Internal Assessment: 20 Marks | Total: 100 Marks
Course Structure (Annual Examination):
| Unit No. | Unit Name | Marks |
|---|---|---|
| I | Chemical Substances - Nature and Behaviour | 25 |
| II | World of Living | 25 |
| III | Natural Phenomena | 12 |
| IV | Effects of Current | 13 |
| V | Natural Resources | 05 |
| Total | 80 |
Detailed Topics:
- Unit I: Chemical Substances - Nature and Behaviour
Chemical Reactions and Equations (types: combination, decomposition, displacement, double displacement, precipitation; oxidation and reduction); Acids, Bases and Salts (properties, pH, uses); Metals and Non-metals (reactivity, ionic compounds, corrosion); Carbon and its Compounds (covalent bonding, hydrocarbons, functional groups, soaps and detergents).
Note: Periodic Classification of Elements is included in the syllabus but assessed only formatively (not in board exam summative assessment) to reduce stress. Detailed reading material is available on the CBSE site. - Unit II: World of Living
Life processes (nutrition, respiration, transportation, excretion); Control and Coordination; How do Organisms Reproduce?; Heredity and Evolution (with supplementary reading material on variation, speciation, homologous/analogous organs, evolution by stages, and human evolution). - Unit III: Natural Phenomena
Reflection and refraction of light; Human eye and the colourful world. - Unit IV: Effects of Current
Electricity (Ohm’s law, resistance, heating effect); Magnetic Effects of Electric Current (with supplementary reading on electric motor, electromagnetic induction, electric generator, Fleming’s rules). - Unit V: Natural Resources
Our Environment (ecosystems, biodiversity conservation); Management of Natural Resources (sustainable development).
Practicals & Assessment: Internal assessment includes lab practicals, portfolio, and subject enrichment. Prescribed books: NCERT Science Textbook Class X, CBSE Laboratory Manual, NCERT Exemplar, and CBSE Reading Material – Science Class X (2026-27).
Download Official PDF: CBSE Class 10 Science Syllabus 2026-27 PDF
CBSE Class 10 Mathematics Syllabus 2026-27
Subject Codes: 041 (Standard) | 241 (Basic) Theory: 80 Marks | Internal Assessment: 20 Marks (Pen Paper Test + Multiple Assessment: 10, Portfolio: 5, Lab Practical: 5) | Total: 100 Marks
Unit-wise Marks Distribution:
| Unit No. | Unit Name | Marks |
|---|---|---|
| I | Number Systems | 06 |
| II | Algebra | 20 |
| III | Coordinate Geometry | 06 |
| IV | Geometry | 15 |
| V | Trigonometry | 12 |
| VI | Mensuration | 10 |
| VII | Statistics and Probability | 11 |
| Total | 80 |
Detailed Topics:
- Unit I: Number Systems -Real Numbers (Fundamental Theorem of Arithmetic, proofs of irrationality of √2, √3, √5, etc.).
- Unit II: Algebra -Polynomials (zeros and coefficients); Pair of Linear Equations in Two Variables (graphical & algebraic methods); Quadratic Equations (factorization, quadratic formula, discriminant); Arithmetic Progressions (nth term, sum, applications).
- Unit III: Coordinate Geometry -Distance formula, Section formula (internal division).
- Unit IV: Geometry -Triangles (similarity criteria, Basic Proportionality Theorem – proof and applications); Circles (tangents – proofs of perpendicularity and equal tangents).
- Unit V: Trigonometry -Introduction to Trigonometric Ratios (values for 30°, 45°, 60°); Trigonometric Identities (sin²A + cos²A = 1 and simple identities); Heights and Distances (angle of elevation/depression, simple problems).
- Unit VI: Mensuration -Areas Related to Circles (sectors and segments); Surface Areas and Volumes (combinations of cubes, cuboids, spheres, hemispheres, cylinders, cones).
- Unit VII: Statistics and Probability -Statistics (mean, median, mode of grouped data); Probability (classical definition, simple problems).
The syllabus emphasizes visualization, mathematical modelling, and real-life applications. Different question papers for Standard and Basic.
Download Official PDF: CBSE Class 10 Maths Syllabus 2026-27 PDF
CBSE Class 10 Social Science Syllabus 2026-27
Subject Code: 087 Theory: 80 Marks (20 marks each for History, Geography, Political Science, Economics – inclusive of map work) | Internal Assessment: 20 Marks (includes 5 marks interdisciplinary project) | Total: 100 Marks
Chapter-wise Details:
- History (India and the Contemporary World - II):
The Rise of Nationalism in Europe; Nationalism in India (with map work: Congress sessions, Satyagraha movements, Jallianwala Bagh, Dandi March); The Making of a Global World (selected subtopics for board exam + interdisciplinary project); Print Culture and the Modern World.
The Age of Industrialisation is for periodic assessment only. - Geography (Contemporary India - II):
Resources and Development (with map work on soil types); Forest and Wildlife Resources; Water Resources (dams map work); Agriculture (crop distribution map work); Minerals and Energy Resources (mines & power plants map work); Manufacturing Industries (industries map work); Lifelines of National Economy (ports & airports map work + interdisciplinary project). - Political Science (Democratic Politics - II):
Power-sharing; Federalism; Gender, Religion and Caste; Political Parties; Outcomes of Democracy. - Economics (Understanding Economic Development):
Development; Sectors of the Indian Economy; Money and Credit; Globalisation and the Indian Economy (selected subtopics + interdisciplinary project); Consumer Rights (project work).
Map Work & Project: Detailed locating & labelling items for History (Nationalism in India) and Geography are specified. An interdisciplinary project links Globalisation, Making of a Global World, and Lifelines of National Economy (5 marks internal).
Prescribed Books: NCERT textbooks for History, Geography, Political Science, and Economics.
Download Official PDF: CBSE Class 10 Social Science Syllabus 2026-27 PDF
