operating system interview questions | Part4

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All operating system Interview Questions

30.What is a ready queue?
Ans: The processes that are residing in the main memory and are ready and waiting to execute are kept on a list called the ready queue.

31.What is a device queue?
Ans: A list of processes waiting for a particular I/O device is called device queue.

32.What is a long term scheduler & short term schedulers?
Ans: Long term schedulers are the job schedulers that select processes from the job queue and load them into memory for execution. The short term schedulers are the CPU schedulers that select a process form the ready queue and allocate the CPU to one of them.

33.What is context switching?
Ans: Transferring the control from one process to other process requires saving the state of the old process and loading the saved state for new process. This task is known as context switching.

34.What are the disadvantages of context switching?
Ans: Time taken for switching from one process to other is pure over head. Because the system does no useful work while switching. So one of the solutions is to go for threading when ever possible.

35.What are co-operating processes?
Ans: The processes which share system resources as data among each other. Also the processes can communicate with each other via interprocess communication facility generally used in distributed systems. The best example is chat program used on the www.

36.What is a thread?
Ans: A thread is a program line under execution. Thread sometimes called a light-weight process, is a basic unit of CPU utilization; it comprises a thread id, a program counter, a register set, and a stack.

37.What are the benefits of multithreaded programming?
Ans:
1. Responsiveness (needn’t to wait for a lengthy process)
2. Resources sharing
3. Economy (Context switching between threads is easy)
4. Utilization of multiprocessor architectures (perfect utilization of the multiple processors).

38.What are types of threads?
Ans:
1. User thread
2. Kernel thread
User threads are easy to create and use but the disadvantage is that if they perform a blocking system calls the kernel is engaged completely to the single user thread blocking other processes. They are created in user space.Kernel threads are supported directly by the operating system. They are slower to create and manage. Most of the OS like Windows NT, Windows 2000, Solaris2, BeOS, and Tru64 Unix support kernel threading.

39.Which category the java thread do fall in?
Ans: Java threads are created and managed by the java virtual machine, they do not easily fall under the category of either user or kernel thread……

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